Setting aside the multi-million dollar price tag, Deep Blue consisted of a pair of 6-foot, 5-inch black towers weighing 1.4 tons. IBM had spent millions on Deep Blue (the cost of the Deep Blue project from 1985 to 1997 is estimated to have been over $100 million), which was a massively parallel RS/6000 SP based computer with 32 processors that could evaluate 200 million chess positions per second. In the past, building a personal computer equivalent to Deep Blue was not a realistic goal. What is more important, according to Hsu, is that the creation of Deep Blue is a human accomplishment. Deep Blue did not possess an intellect or consciousness and was literally just a machine. In his book Deep Blue: Building the Computer that Defeated the World Chess Champion, Hsu equates Deep Blue to any other tool devised by humans that can perform a specific task better than a human. Magnus Carlsen has not only become the World Chess Champion, he has created a different style of playing, and he has popularised chess in an unthinkable way.The meaning of these results continues to be debated today because searching through all possible moves up to 8 moves ahead is definitely not how humans play the game. Carlsen seems to be able to avoid this human bias, and play more like a computer. Humans struggle to, for example, return a piece to the position it was located one or two moves earlier, even though it would be the objectively best move.Ĭomputers don’t care about the past and play the move that their calculations determine is the best. On the other hand his middle game and endgame playing resemble how engines play chess. Indeed, some have suggested that if he improves his opening playing, the sky is his limit. Paradoxically, despite the role of computers in opening preparation, Magnus’ weakest point is his openings. There were rumours that Carlsen got preparation assistance from a supercomputer in a huge basement in Norway. Second, they are studied by grandmasters in order to use the novelties in tournament games. First, they are stored in chess engines’ memories, so they can play the openings mostly by memory, not calculation. Specialists make the chess engines play a particular opening thousands of times, and discover “novelties” that is, very good moves that were not played in grandmasters’ games before. Nowadays, chess players’ opening preparation is based on databases with millions of games, updated every day.Ī more recent development is the “opening books”. This Balkan publication put out a few hundred world class games every six months (from 1966 to 1990) or four months (from 1991 to 2011). These stories are a long way from the days when grandmasters’ opening preparation relied on the Chess Informant. After that he decided to retire from chess. Ivanov refused to do that and was forfeited. This would be impossible even for Magnus Carlsen! His fraudulent activity came to an end when American grandmaster Maxim Dlugy observed that Ivanov was walking in a strange way.īefore his game against Ivanov he took off his shoes and requested the organisers that Ivanov do the same. When his games were compared to those of Houdini the match between them was almost perfect. This year, Bulgarian player Borislav Ivanov surprised the world by beating several players 400 Elo points stronger than him (his expected score in 10 games against those player was 1 to 9), and by playing incredibly fast. Since then, in some tournaments chess players are scanned with metal detectors. The allegation was that Kramnik was getting help from a computer during his frequent visits to the toilet. Russian grandmaster Vladimir Kramnik was unfairly accused of cheating by his opponent, Bulgarian grandmaster Veselin Topalov, in the World Chess Championship match played in Elista (Russia) in 2006.
#DEEP BLUE CHESS PLAYING COMPUTER PORTABLE#
CheatingĬhess engines are so powerful and portable that cheating has become a serious issue. However, they rarely succeed: fans, who are running the analysis on a chess engine, impatiently send a tweet to the commentator with the move that “the computer” suggests. They want to convey to the audience the moves the human grandmasters may be considering, not what silicon machines are calculating. When some chess master commentators give live online commentary of the games, they refuse to use the engines for their commentary. These engines are so good that beginner players immediately realise when the world class players make mistakes. The engine tells you the best moves in each position, and evaluates each move. Nowadays, it is possible to watch the games live on the internet and run a chess engine on one’s computer. laimagendelmundo/Flickrīefore the computer era, understanding the games of the world championships was difficult even for strong club chess players.
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